Chaeles heislee



(No Mddel.)

c. HEISLER. v INGANDESGENT ELECTRIC LAMP HOLDER AND GUT-OUT.

Patented Mar; 27

o, Wu N11112: W! 6 & a i v a k k 7 J I 7 x. M a; 6 7 M, f 9' W n @w orvwfflw h drill ll k jmo'erzzw @wrf Weckf UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES HEISLER, OF. ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI.

INCANDESChNT-ELECTRlC-LAMP HOLDER AND CUT-OUT.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 380,114, dated March27, 1888.

Application filed January 18,1887. Serial No. 224,709. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES HEIsLnR, of St. Louis, in the State ofMissouri, have invented a new and useful Improvement inIncandesoent-Electric-Lamp Holders and Out-Outs; and I do hereby declarethat the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same.

My invention relates to incandescent electric lamps placed in series,and more particularly to mechanism for shunting the current from onelamp to another in double or multiple lamps when, from any cause, a lampbecomes inoperative or when they all become 'inoperative forshort-circuiting the whole of the double or multiple lamp.

The invention includes details of construction and involves the samegeneral principle shown in an application, No. 224,708, filed by me'inthe United States Patent Office of even date herewith.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a side elevation ofthe magnets with the armatures and the shunting-levers added thereto.Fig. 2 is a horizontal section on line a: w of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is abottom view of the lamp-terminals. Fig. 4 is a diagram illustrating theapparatus with the electrical connection, the parts being somewhatdisplaced for the purpose of more clearly showing the connections.

In the drawings is shown a pair of incandescent lamps, A B. The lamp Ais attached to two sockets, a b, and the lamp B to two other sockets, cd, and these are supported upon the frame-works of the electro-magnet,hereinafter explained. They connect with the terminals of the lamp, asshown more clearly in Fig. 4-.-that is to say, a b with the terminals ofthe lamp A, and c d with the terminals of the lamp B. The cores of theelectro-magnets are shown at D. They are in the form of a flat bar, asshown in Fig. 2 in dotted lines, set on end. These form practically onepiece, and are preferably cast, though they may be otherwise formed,with flanges of g, these flanges forming pole-pieces of two magnet-s,the central flange, f, being common to both.

The lower flange, g, has a raised portion or boss, on its lower surface,to which is bolted one of the sockets a of the lamp A. On the upperflange, e, is a binding-post, z", for electrically connecting one end ofthe line-wire with that flange, thus forming an electrical connectionwith the line directly through the core D of both magnets, and the bossg to one of the terminals of the lamp, in the same manner as explainedin my application before mentioned. The sockets b 0 may be cast in onepiece, and they are both connected to a conducting-bracket, E, whichextends upward outside of the electro-magnet, and the upper part is bentinward and bolted to, but insulated upon, the upper flange, e, and inelectrical connection with the binding-post i. The insulating-disk F,preferably of vulcanized fiber, is held by the bolts which connect thesockets to their supports, being interposed between the sockets and thesaid supports.

It will be observed that the current from the line when the lamp A isworking is through permanent connectionsviz., through the core D, socketa, the lamp, the socket b, the bracket E, and back to the line-and whenthe current is through this circuit there is practically no currentthrough the socket d.

The next point is to establish a current in the lamp B in case offailure in the working of the lamp A. This action is accomplished in thefollowing manner: About the upper part of the core D a coil, Z, iswound, this being connected electrically at its upper end directly withthe binding-post 73, through which the current enters. The lower end ofthis coil is connected by means of the wire 9 with the arm G. The leverH is supported out of contact with the spring 6 by means of an armature,K, pivotally supported, as shown, and depending so that it will extenddownwardly beside the coil Z and its core, with its free end oppositethe central flange, f. It is suitably notched at this end to engage witha shoulder on the lever H, and a spring is provided which keeps itnormally away from the flange. Now, when from any cause the lamp A isinoperative, and the circuit through the core D is thus broken, thecurrent will be forced through the coil Z, finding an outlet or completecircuit through the wire 9, arm G, lamp B, and conducting-bracket E.While this establishes a current, the current derived does not renderthe lamp fully operative, and hence the working-circuit must be formedthrough the lever H and contact 6. The combined magnetic force of thepole-piece f, upper core, D, and

coil Z attracts the armature K against the pressure of the spring, thusreleasing the lever H, which, falling upon the spring 6, closes thecircuit and furnishes the current necessary to work lamp B.

The means for short-circuiting the entire lamp upon the failure of lampB is now to be described.

A second lever similar to H is employed, as at 3, also pivoted to thecentral flange, f. \Vith this is combined an armature, K, secured to thelower flange, so as to have movement toward and from the adjacentportion of core D. As with the other armature K, a spring is used tohold the armature in a normal position away from the central flange andin engagement with the lever 3 to support the same. Directly beneath andin range of the end of lever 3 as it falls is a second spring, 7,connected directly with the conducting-bracket E. The circuit which mustbe established for cutting out the entire lamp is formed through thelever 3, contact 7, and bracket E, and this is effected as follows:Around the lower core, D, is wound a coil, Z, having its upper end inelectrical connection with the flan ge f, and its other end connected toone of the contact-pieces, 14, of a switch, 13 14:, which, as shown, isusually normally open. The contact-piece 13 of this switch is connectedelectrically with the bracket E, and mechanically with a tail-piece onthe lever H, through non-conducting connection 15. Now when the leverI-I falls, to work the second lamp, ]3, contact is made at the switch,so that upon the failure of this lamp, the circuit being brokentherethrough, and also through the cores D and first lamp, the currentwill have only one outletviz., through the coil Z, switch, and bracket.The passage of the current through this course will magnetize the lowercore, D, which, together with the coil Z and pole-piecef, will exertsufficient force to overcome the spring and to attract the armature,thereby releasing the lever 3 and making the required short-circuit forthe entire lamp.

To state briefly,the action of the parts is as follows: While the lamp Ais operative the current passes entirely through the soft-iron core D,little or no current being present in the coil Z of the electro magnet,wherein the resistance is much greater than that offered in the lamp.NVhen, however, this lamp ceases to work by reason of the destruction ofthe filament, the current is forced through the upper coil of theelectromagnet, the lower one being broken at the switch. The passage ofthe current through the upper coil magnetizes the upper core only, andthis attraction, together with that of the coils and pole-pieces, causesthe upper armature, K, to move, the other armature remaining inactive.This movement of the upper armature releases the lever H,whichestablishes the working-circuit through the contact 6 and lamp B. Thisaction also closes the switches and provides an additional circuitthrough the lower coil, Z,

switches, and bracket E, which circuit, however, is of high resistanceand receives little or no current while the lamp B is operating. Uponthe failure of this second lamp, however, the current is forced throughthis high-resistance circuit with a result similar to that described inconnection with the coil Z-that is to say, the lower coil is magnetized,the lower armature drawn up, and the lever 3 falls, thus accomplishingthe cut'out of the entire lamp.

A manual and thermal switch may be located upon the upper flange, c, andthe parts are intended to be connected and supported in the same manneras explained in my aforesaid application.

I have shown only two lamps; but others may be added by grouping them onthe same principle. It will of course be understood that the resistanceof the coils Z Z must be greater than the resistance of the filament ofthe lamps, the difference of connection being left to the skill of theoperator, it being understood that when the lamp is working practicallyno current shall go through the coils of the electro-magnets.

I am aware that it is not new to shunt the current in an electric lamptemporarily through the core of an electro-magnet, and I do not wish myclaims to be understood as including this matter.

I claim as my invention- 1. In combination, an electric lamp permanentlyin the main circuit through the core of an electro-magnet having twospools on one core, a second lamp, one terminal of which is connectedwith the main line by a shunt through the core of theelectro-magnet,which is normally open while the first lamp is operating,connection between the coil of one spool and one terminal of the secondlamp, an armature operated by the electro-magnet to close the circuit ofsaid lamp through the core,a second switch arranged to short-circuit thelamps through the core, a switch between the second coil on theelectro-magnet and the line, normally open and closed by the firstswitch of the electro-magnet to form connection with the main line, anda second armature to operate the switch which short-circuits the lamp,all substantially as described.

2. In combination, the core D, having the pole-flanges f g and itsarmatures and coils, an electric lamp having one terminal directlyconnected to the lower flange and to the line through the upper flange,and its other terminal connected to the line through a conductingpiecesupported upon a flange of the core, but insulated therefrom, wherebythe circuit ofthe lamp is through the core of the electromagnet, atsecond lamp having one terminal connected to the same conducting-piecewith the second terminal of the first lamp and its other terminalconnected to theline through a switch released by an armature, K, whenthe first lamp ceases to work by means of the coil Z, whereby the secondlamp is placed in circuit, a second switch arranged to shortcircuit bothlamps and released by an armature, K, con trolled by the coil Z, incircuit with the main line through a switch, as 13 14, all substantiallyas described.

3. In combination with two spools having a common iron core, flangesupon the ends of said core and an intermediate flange forming one commonpole-piece combined with two armatures, substantially as described.

4. In combination, the core D, having the pole-pieces e and f, thearmature K, and the switch-lever H, said armature and switch-1ever beingsupported by the said flanges e and f, substantially as described.

5. In c0mbination,the coreD,cornmon to two I 5 spools, and havingflanges e and g and intermediate flange, f,the armatnres,andswitch-1evers, all of said parts being supported by the flanges,substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name 20 to this specification inthe presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CHAS. HEISLER.

Witnesses:

W. B. HOMER, PAUL F. COSTE.

